This is a list of common phrasal verbs, with meanings and examples.
A phrasal verb is a verb + a preposition or adverb. Preposition and adverb come after the verb. The combination creates a meaning different from the original verb.

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English Grammar

Present Continuous - "I am doing."

I + am

He, She, It + is

We, you, they + are

Structure

Positive:

subject + helping verb "be" + verb + -ing

Negative:

subject + helping verb "be" + not + verb + -ing

Questions:

Question word +  helping verb 'be' + subject + verb + -ing

Verb = to stand	Q - "What am I doing?"  A- "You're standing."
Verb = to laugh	Q - "What's he doing?"  A- "He's laughing."

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Difference between I used to do and I am used to doing

Used to do

We use 'used to' for something that happened regularly in the past but no longer happens.

You can use this structure only for the past, not for the present

• I used to smoke a packet a day but I stopped two years ago.
• Ben used to travel a lot in his job but now, since his promotion, he doesn't.
• I used to drive to work but now I take the bus.

We also use it for something that was true but  no longer is.

• There used to be a cinema in the town but now there isn't.
• She used to have really long hair but she's had it all cut off.
• I didn't use to like him but now I do.

 Be used to doing

We use 'be used to doing' to say that something is normal, not unusual.

I am used to (doing) something = it isn't strange or new for me:

• I'm used to living on my own. I've done it for quite a long time.
• Hans has lived in England for over a year so he is used to driving on the left now.
• They've always lived in hot countries so they aren't used to the cold weather here.

 get used to doing

We use 'get used to doing' to talk about the process of something becoming normal for us.

• I didn't understand the accent when I first moved here but I quickly got used to it.
• She has started working nights and is still getting used to sleeping during the day.
• I have always lived in the country but now I'm beginning to get used to living in the city.

ویرایش حرفه ای متون با WhiteSmoke 2009

دانلود نرم افزاری حرفه ای برای  اصلاح متون انگلیسی از نظر ساختار، گرامر، املا

اگر دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد یا دکترا هستید و یا استاد دانشگاه هستید و می خواهید مقاله ای را برای چاپ در نشریات معتبر انگلیسی ارسال کنید این نرم افزار به شما کمک می کند تا یک مقاله انگلیسی بدون مشکلات ساختاری را ارائه دهید.

شاید بگوئید نرم افزار Microsoft Word هم این کار را انجام می دهد. اما  جواب این است که این نرم افزاری کاری فراتر از غلط یابی املائی و دستوری را انجام می دهد.

این نرم افزار با استفاده از هوش مصنوعی ای که در آن تعبیه شده متنی را که به آن می دهید مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار می دهد و آن را تصحیح می کند.

این برنامه در حقیقت  استاد شما برای یادگیری مهارت Writing در انگلیسی است.

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Special Singular-Plural Cases

Turning a singular noun to plural in English has very specific rules and many exceptions to these rules. This article will present you with the singular-plural rules in English.

1. Plural-Only Nouns

 Some nouns only have a plural form, ending with s or without.

- The police are looking for the robbers.
- I like these pants / jeans / shorts.
- Use either scissors or nail clippers.
- Binoculars are stronger than any glasses.

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Prepositions of Time

Which is correct: 

'my friend and me' or 'my friend and I'?

شاید این سوال برای بسیاری از زبان آموزان پیش بیاید که کدام صورت درست است, گفتن 'my friend and me'  یا 'my friend and I'  ؟

بستگی به این دارد که شما و دوستتان در کجای جمله قرار دارید. در گفتار محاوره معمولا از 'me' درجایی استفاده شده که شکل استاندارد گرامر به 'I' نیاز دارد, مخصوصا هنگامی که شخص دیگری نیز ذکر شده است. بعضی اوقات افراد از 'I' بجای 'me' استفاده می کنند, چون می دانند گاهی اوقات 'me' اشتباه است, اما اصل و قاعده را درک نمی کنند. خوب است بدانیم 'I' فاعل جمله می باشد درصورتی که 'me' مفعول جمله است.

اگر در درستی جمله شک دارید my friend  را از جمه حذف کنید.

Me and my friend went to a party last night. اشتباه
I and my friend went to a party last night. درست

به دیگر نمونه های مشابه زیر نیز دقت کنید:

My friend and me went to a party last night. اشتباه
My friend and I went to a party last night. درست

The mayor has invited me and my husband. درست
The mayor has invited I and my husband. اشتباه

The mayor has invited my husband and me. درست
The mayor has invited my husband and I. اشتباه

از نظر گرامری نشانه بهتر بودن نیست تنها صورت I and my friend بجای  my friend and I درضمن گفتن 

مودبانه تری دارد.

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زبان انگليسي سال سوم متوسطه

همراه با لغات درس , توضیح گرامری , مثال , نمونه سوال و پاسخنامه

Will & going to

Both 

این کلمه به معنی هر دو می تواند در جمله های انگلیسی هم قبل از اسم بکار برود و هم بعد از اسم. 

1) اگر قبل از اسم بکار رود به یکی از صورتهای زیر خواهد بود. 

مثال :

Both students study hard.

Both of us study hard.

2) اگر بعد از اسم بکار رود در یکی از حالتهای زیر خواهد بود.

1. اسم + both + فعل

2. فعل کمکی +اسم + both فعل

3. اسم + to be + both

 1. The students both study hard .

2. The students can both study hard .

3. The students are both studing hard .

نکته: both بعد از فعل کمکی و قبل از فعل اصلی می آید.

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" Wish "

اگر بعد از wish مصدر با to بکار رود wish معنی میل داشتن و خواستن است .

مثال : 

 I wish to see them .    .......................   .  می خواهک آنها را ببینم

اما اگر بعد از wish  جمله بکار رود در آن صورت wish مفهوم آرزو پیدا می کند و به معنی کاش - کاشکی است و چون فاعل آرزوی کاری را می کند که تحقیق  آن یا انجام آن حتمی و یقینی نیست wish در این حالت جزء غیر واقعی بحساب می آید بدین صورت که :

1- اگر آرزو برای زمان آینده باشد جمله بعد از wish با would بیان می شود. مثلا :

I wish they would call me tomorrow .

2- اگر آرزو برای زمان حال باشد , فعل جمله بعد , بعد از wish در زمان گذشته ساده خواهد بود . مثلا :

I wish they called me now .

3- اگر آرزو برای زمان گذشته باشد فعل جمله بعد از wish با گذشته کامل بیان می شود. مثلا :

I wish they had called me yesterday .

نکته : اگر قید زمان در جمله وجود نداشته باشد برای تعیین شکل فعل جمله بعد از wish احتیاج به جمله نشانه است.

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Unless 

مگر اینکه

کلمه unless می تواند در جمله های شرطی ( if clause ) جای  if و not بکار رود .

مثلا بجای اینکه گفته شود :

تو موفق نمی شوی اگر کوشش نکنی.

You won't succeed if you don't try .

می توان جمله شرطی به صورت زیر نیز بیان کرد .

موفق نمی شوی مگر اینکه کوشش کنی .

You won't succeed unless you try .

البته Unless مثل if می تواند وسط دو جمله یا ابتدای جمله اول قرار گیرد .

مثال :

Unless you try , you won't succeed .

تذکر :

If not = unless

If = unless not

مثال :

Unless you don't try , you will succeed = Unless you try , you won't succeed .

" Used to "

دلالت بر عملی می کند که در گذشته به صورت عادت و تکرار انجام می شده که در فارسی می توان آن را به  ( سابقا - قدیمها - اونروزها ) ترجمه کنیم و برای سوالی و منفی کردن آن از did استفاده می شود .

مثال :

او سابقا زیاد سیگار می کشید.  -------------  He used to smoke a lot .

آیا تو سابقا اینجا درس می خواندی؟  -------------  Did you use to study here?

من قدیمها او را زیاد نمی دیدم.  -------------  I didn't use to see him very often.

Used to : علاوه بر عادت و تکرار بیانگر وضعیت و موقعیت در گذشته می باشد.

مثال :

او سابقا ناظم مدرسه بود اما حالا دیگه نیست.  -------------  He used to be the dean of high school but he isn't now ,again.

توجه : به جای used to می توان would به کار برد فقط زمانی که عادت و تکرار مطرح باشد .

تذکر :

فعل ing / اسم / ضمیر + to be used to  یا  to get used to

To be used to   به مفهوم ( عادت داشتن به ) می باشد .

To get used to   به معنای ( عادت کردن به ) می باشد .

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Grammar

between & among

Between and among are both prepositions, and they are usually followed by nouns. Let's look at

between first.

Between is usually followed by 2 nouns, like this:

The nouns can be single, plural or uncountable. The important thing is that between identifies them as

Capitalization Rules

قواعد نوشتن با حروف بزرگ

There are many times when a word or words must be capitalized.  Here are ten capitalization rules you should know and use.  An example is shown for each rule.

تعدادی زمان وجود دارند هنگامی که یک کلمه یا کلمات بایستی با حروف بزرگ نوشته شوند . در اینجا ده قاعده نوشتن با حروف بزرگ وجود دارند که شما باید بدانید و استفاده کنید . و یک مثال برای هر قاعده ارائه داده شده است .  

• Capitalize the first word of a sentence.  

با حروف بزرگ نوشتن اولین کلمه یک جمله.

It is important to know when a word must be capitalized.

1. Simple Sentences

A simple sentence has the most basic elements that make it a sentence: a subject, a verb, and a completed thought.

Examples of simple sentences include the following:

Joe waited for the train.
"Joe" = subject, "waited" = verb

KINDS OF ADVERBS

انواع قید

Adverbs of  Manner

قید وصفی

Adverbs of manner tell us how something happens. They are usually placed after the main verb or after the object.

قیدهای وصفی درباره ی چگونگی اتفاق افتادن چیزی به ما می گویند. آنها معمولا بعد از فعل اصلی یا بعد از مفعول می آیند.

Examples:

• He swims well, (after the main verb)
• He ran... rapidly, slowly, quickly..
• She spoke... softly, loudly, aggressively..
• James coughed loudly to attract her attention.
• He plays the flute beautifully. (after the object)
• He ate the chocolate cake greedily.

BE CAREFUL! The adverb should not be put between the verb and the object:

مراقب باشید! قید نباید بین فعل و مفعول قرار گیرد.

• He ate greedily the chocolate cake [incorrect]
• He ate the chocolate cake greedily [correct]

Tag Questions

ضمیمه های سوالی

A tag question is a special construction in English. It is a statement followed by a mini-question. The whole sentence is a "tag question", and the mini-question at the end is called a "question tag".

We use tag questions at the end of statements to ask for confirmation. They mean something like: "Am I right?" or "Do you agree?" They are very common in English.

The basic structure is:

+ Positive statement,	- negative tag?
Snow is white,	isn't it?
- Negative statement,	+ positive tag?
You don't like me,	do you?

Kinds of Noun

انواع اسم

Explanation:

Words used to name people , places , things , or ideas are nouns.

 اسم محسوس - Concrete Noun

A person , place , or thing that you can become aware of through one or more of your five senses is concrete. 

Examples:

honey , water , music , pillows , bed , fish

کاربرد Any و Some در جمله

Use of Any and Some

SOME	We use "some" in positive sentences. We use some for both countable and uncountable nouns. .اين كلمه را در جملات مثبت استفاده می کنیم  some و برای هردوی اسم های قابل شمارش وغیر قابل شمارش استفاده می کنیم. Example: I have some friends.
ANY	We use "any" in negative sentences or questions. We use any for both countable and uncountable nouns. any این کلمه را در جملات منفی یا سؤالی استفاده می کنیم. و برای هردوی اسم های قابل شمارش وغیر قابل شمارش استفاده می کنیم. Example: Do you have any cheese? - He doesn't have any friends in Chicago.

This - That - These - Those - Here - There

همراه با توضیح فارسی

We use "here" for something which is near to us. Example: Here is the pencil in my hand.	We use "there" for something which is far from us. Example: There is the pen next to the lamp.
We use "this" for one object (singular) which is here (near to us). Example: This is a book in my hand.	We use "that" for one object (singular) which is there. Example: That is his car over there.
We use "these" for more than one object (plural) which are here (near to us). Example: These are my friends next to me.	We use "those" for more than one object (plural) which are there. Example: Those are his toys over there.
We use "there" for one object (singular) which exists - or "is" (near to us). Example: There is (There's) a table next to the window.	We use "there" for more than one object (plural) which exist - or "are". Example: There are (There're) many of my friends at the party tonight.

Irregular Verbs   Infinitive                 Simple Past                 Past Participle A
arise	arose	arisen
awake	awakened / awoke	awakened / awoken
B
backslide	backslid	backslidden / backslid
be	was, were	been
bear	bore	born / borne
beat	beat	beaten / beat
become	became	become
begin	began	begun
bend	bent	bent
bet	bet / betted	bet / betted
bid	bid / bade	bidden
bid	bid	bid
bind	bound	bound

Choosing the Correct Verb Tense

1. Does Tense = Time ?

Not Always

2. Situation and Time Words determine Time

3. Time chooses Tense (not the other way around)

4. Present Time (Now)

Future Progressive

Future progressive tense is used to indicate action which will be taking place at some time in the future.

For example,

I will be singing at Symphony Hall next month.

We’ll be leaving next Monday.

When you arrive, I’ll be cooking dinner.

Future Simple

In English the Future Time is expressed in a number of ways. The most common are with will and be going to. See examples from the following sentences.

I will finish my homework in an hour.

I’m going to finish my homework in an hour.

She’s going to eat a whole watermelon.

Actually, we’re going to eat a whole watermelon together.

 

Past Perfect

Past perfect tense is used to indicate that one action occurred before another action in the past. In other words, past perfect tense indicates the first of the two actions.*

For example,

When I woke up this morning, my roommate had left already.

After I had eaten my dinner, I went to see a movie.

Before I arrived at the theater, the movie had already begun.

 

Present Perfect Progressive

The present perfect progressive expresses the meaning “until now” and makes the connection between the past and present. Since it is progressive, it usually connotes an idea of continuity. It is often used with prepositional phrases: for + amount of time and since + point in time.

I have been living in Minneapolis since 1999.

I have been living in Minneapolis for three years.

Present Perfect Simple

Present Perfect Tense can be used in three situations:

1. To indicate something that has happened at an indefinite time in the past.

I have seen that movie already.

She has left for California.

They have not eaten their dinner yet.

 

Past Progressive / Continuous

Past Simple

Simple Present Tense